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●India（第1页）

●India

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■IndiayandCulture

◆Hierarchy

Theinfluenduismaioesystemhavecreatedaculturethatstressesestablishedhierarchicalrelationships.Indiansarealwayssesocialorderausrelativetootherpeople，betheyfamily，friends，ers.

Allrelatioedwithhierarschools，teachersarecalledgurusandareregardedasthesourceofallkriarch，usuallythefather，isthoughttobetheleaderofthefamily.Thebossisviewedasthesourateresponsibilityinbusiionshiphasadistihatmustbefollowedforthesocialordertobemaintained.

◆TheRoleoftheFamily

Peoplearetypicallydefiowhichtheybelohausasindividuals.Someoneissideredtobeaffiliatedtoaspecificstate，region，city，family，careerpath，religiohisgrouporientatiiheclosepersoionsIndiansmaintainwiththeirfamily，ingtheextendedfamily.Theextendedfamilybringsabouttlessiionships，rules，andstructures.Adeep-rrelativesalsoesalongwiththesemutualresponsibilities.

◆Just’tSay“No”

Indiansdooshorovaldirectly，beitverballyornon-verbally.Insteadofdisappointingyou，forexample，bysayihingisn’tathand，Indianswillofferyouthereplythattheythinkyouwahisashouldnardeddisho.AnIndianwouldbesideredterriblyoffensiveifheshedidniveapersonwhathadbeenasked.

&heyarenotwilliiveanswers，Indiansmaygiveanaffirmativeabevagueaboutaailsohiswilldemandyoutolookfornonverbalclues，suchasareludanactualtimeoiicreply.

&eandsinIndia

&iquette

◇ReligioionandsocialclassallaffegsinIndia.

◇Thisisahierarchicalculture，sstotheeldestormostseniorpersonfirst.

◇Whenyouleaveagroup，eaustbebidfarewellindividually.

◇Shakingha，espethelargeoreeducatedwhogetusedtodealierners.

◇Menmayshakehandswithothermen，andwomenmayshakehandswithotherwomen;howevermenandwomenseldomshakehaherbecauseiousbeliefs.Ifyouareforthemtooffertheirhand.

◆Namiions

Indiannamesdifferonthebasision，socialdregiory.Somebasiestthenamingtraditionsareasfollows:

Hindus:

◇Ih，mahagivennameandasurname.

◇Ih，surnamesarelessusedandapersostheinitialoftheirfather’softheiro

◇Theman’sformalheirname“so”

（sonof）aher’sname.Womeorepresentthattheyarethedaughteroftheirfather.

◇Atmarriage，womenabaher’snameaheirhusband’sfirstnameasasortofsurname.

Muslims:

◇ManyMuslimsdonothavesuread，meher’sheirowhee”

.Therefore，“AbdullahbinAhmed”

meansAbdullahthesonofAhmad.

&heeti”

.

&leHajji（m）orHajjah（f）beforethehepersoheirpilgrimagetoMecca.

Sikhs:

SikhsallusethenameSingh.Itiseitherusedasasurnameorasaetothesurname.

◆GiftGivie