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Section 3 Composing an Academic Abstract（第3页）

2.Mediocreabstracts:mediocreabstractsreadlikeatableoftsiudythefolloleofamediocreabstradtrytoimproveit.

Example:

Thebehaviorofeditorsisdiscussed.Whatshouldbecoveredbyanabstrasidered.Theimportaisdescribed.Diarydefinitionsof“abstract”

arequoted.Atthearevisedabstractispresented.

WhatYoushouldKnow

Therearemainlytwokindsofabstraativeabstraddescriptiveabstracts.

Is，oneonkindofabstraacademigs，areusuallyaplishedaftertheerisdoheindispeofgraduationpapersofuudentsandthepublishedartiacademials.

&yofabstraformative.Whiletheystilldonotcritiqueorevaluateawork，theydomoretha.Agoodiactsasasurrogatefortheworkitself.Thatis，thewriterpresentsandexplainsallthemaiheimportasahepletearticlepaperbook.Aniioiohepurpose，methods，spletepaper，butalsotheresultsandsofthereseardthereendatiohor.Thelengthvariesagtodise，butaniisrarelymorethan10%ofthelengthoftheentirework.Inthecaseofalongerwork，itmaybemuchless.

&iveabstraonlywrittenforacademiferencesusuallyiationofnerogressresearch.Additionally，manycesrequireabstrathsbeforetheactualpresentation.Assuch，abstractsforcesareoftenwritteheresearplete.Theatmosphereatmostacademierallylessformalthanthatintheacademicpublishingindustry，amosphereleetoyourabstracts，butitisimportanttomaintainmostofthesofprofessionaluni.ceabstractsshouldadheretuidelibytheanizers.

&iveabstradicatesthetypeofinformationfoumakesthework，necessarilyprovideresultsorsoftheresearch.Itdoesincorporatekeywordsfouandmayihepurpose，methods，ahereseartially，thedescriptiveabstractdescribesthewabstraepeoplesideritahework，ratherthanasummary.Descriptiveabstractsareusuallyveryshort—100wordsorless.

Abstractsareoftenone-page（orless）summariesofacademicpapersorlectures，meanttogivereadersaquickideaaboutapersorlecturesareabout.Foracademices，abstractsallaoseledschedulepreseceabstractsdifferfromabstractswrittenforthesesordissertatiohelatterareformalaeical，academicsareallowedmuchmorefreedabstractsforguageFocus

TheLaracts

Abriefintroduofthetopiofdoingtheresearch

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&hepastdecade…haveledto…

Researchobjestatementresearchquestion

Thisdissertatioudiesfo...

Thegoalisto…

&hodsprocedure

Partit-observatioaaimulatedreterviewsprovideinsightsinto…

Importaskeyfindings

&ionsshowthat…resultedinhighlevelsofstudentsatisfaperformanentsinfinalexamswhehpreviousyearsandinworkloadeffisbroughtaboutbytheappliofteology.

endations

Thisresearchhighlightstheimportanceof…

Assig

1.Writeanabstraeoftheessayspapersassigoylishteachers.Makesureyouinviteeorstodopeerevaluationforyou.

2.Writeanabstractfortheacademicpaperassigoyoubyyourteacher.

3.icpaperfromlishdatabasearactforit.SubmitboththeabstradtheinalEnglishpapertoyourteacher.