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Text A Life in Utopia（第1页）

TextALifeinUtopia

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—fromUtopia（BookII）

ThomasMore

[1]AlltheUtopians，menandwomeagriculture，andnooneisinexperieheyaretraifromtheirchildhood，partlybysstrudpartlybypractice.Schoolareoftehehoughforplay，wheretheynotonlyseemenandw，butgetexercisebywthemselves.

[2]Besidesagriculture，whiontothemall，everymanhassomepeculiartradeofhisown，suchasthemanufactureofwool，orlinen，masonry，smith’swork，ortry.Thereiswhichispractiysiderablehem.Peoplewearthesamesortofclhouttheislahedistinswhichmarkthedifferehemarriedanduhefashionofeverges.Theirglookswell，doesheirmovements，andissuitablebothforsummerandwinter.Everyhouseholdmakesitsoweadwomanalsolearheothertradesformerlymentiohemostpart，dealinwoolandlinen，whichsuitbestwiththeirweakherudertradestothemeradegenerallypassesdownfromfathertosouralin.Butifanyman’sgeniuslieselsewhere，heisadoptedintoafamilythatdealsiradeheprefers.Whenanyonemakessuge，bothhisfatherarateseetoitthatheistraoaresponsibleanduprighthouseholder.Afteramanhaslearrade，ifhedesirestoaother，itismahesamemanner.Whenhehaslearh，hefollowswhicheverhelikesbetter，uhepublichasspeeedfortheother.

[3]Thedalmosttheohesyphogrants，istotakecarethatnomansitsaroundinidleness，andeveryonefollently.Butowearhimselfoutwithperpetualtoil，frtonight，asifhewereabeastofburden.Suchalife，thoughitistheonlifeofworkmeniries，ishaopians，dividingthedayandnightiy-fourhours，appointsixoftheseforwork;threeofwhicharebeforedihreeafter.Theythensup，ao’clotingfromobedahours.

[4]Therestoftheirtimebesidesthattakenupiingandsleepioeverymaheuandingthattheyshallhemidlyandwaheirtimebusilyonanypursuitthatpleasesthem.Maheseihreading.Itisordinarytohavepubliclectureseverymbeforedaybreak;atwhieareobligedtoappearbutthosewhoaremarkedoutforthepursuit;yetagreatmany，bothmenandwomenotohearlecturesofooranother，agtotheirins.Butifanyonewhosemidelightiualpursuitspreferstoemployhimselfatthattimeinhistrade，asmanydo，thisisnotforbidden，butendedasbeotheoersupper，theyspendanhourinsomediversion，iheirgardens，andihehallswheretheyeat;wheretheyeher，eitherwithmusicordiscourse.Theyknownothingaboutgamblingwithdiceorothersuchfoolishandmises.Theyplaytwamesnotunlikeoureisabattleofnumbers，inwhiber，asitwere，esaherresemblesabattlebetweeuesandtheviwhichthevicesbattleagaiues.Inthisgamethecooperationofthevistthevirtuesandtheiroppositioherisshownupverycleverly，asecialoppositioicularvirtuesahemethodsbywhichthevilyassaultorsedermiues，auesbreakthestrengthofthevidbywhatmeansfinallyoheotherwiory.

[5]Touheirwayoflifefullywemustlookatomorecarefully.Theyallotonlysixhourstolabour，andyoumightthinkthatascarcityofessentialgoodswouldresult.Butitisstrue，thatthistimeisnotsuffitforsupplyihplentyofallthihernecessaryort，thatitisrathertoomudthisyourehend，ifyousiderhoartofallothernationsisquiteidle.

[6]First，womengenerallydolittle，whoarethehalfofmankind;andifsomefewwent，theirhusbahehemultitudeofidlepriests，andofthosethatarecalledreligiousmen.Addtotheseallri，chieflythosethathaveestatesinland，whoareelemeheirfamilies，madeupofidlepersons，thatarekeptmoreforshowthanuse.Rewiththesestrongandlustybeggars，whogoaboutfeigningsomediseasetoexcusetheirlaziness.Youwillfindthatthehosebywhoselaborsmankindissuppliedismuchlessthanyihensiderhowfewofthosethatloyedinlaborsthatareofrealservice;forwe，whomeasureallthingsbymoomaarebothvainandsuperfluous，aosupportluxuryandwahosewhoworkprodulywhatmenneedfoodliving，therewouldbesudapriceswouldgodownandtradesmenaiheirgains.Youeasilyimagiletimewouldbeenoughtoproduan’sneedsandd（aooifitweretrueandnaturalpleasure），ifonlytheworkersiradeswereplaworthwhileosandalltheidlerswholanguishinslothbuteattwiceasmuchaslabourerswereputtoworkoasks.

AfterYouRead

KnowledgeFocus

1.Pairwork:Discussthefollowiionswithyourpartner.

1）Whyishermenorwomen，ignriUtopia?

2）leinUtopiadobesidesagriculture?

3）Whoseclothesarediffereher?

4）Whatshouldbedoneifaman’sgeniusisnotihhisfather’strade?

5）Whatisthechiefbusinessof“syphogrants”

?

6）WhatistheroutiheUtopianslike?

7）Arepeoplepelledtoatteheirleisuretime?

8）WhatarethetularamongUtopians?

9）Whyissix-htimesuffittoproducealltheiesandcesoflife?

10）Whoaretheidlepeoplesatirizedbytheauthor?

2.Solowork:Decidewhetherthefollowirue（T）orfalse（F）agtowhatyoulearellwhy.

____1）inUtopiaarerestrictedtotheirschool.

____2）WomendothesameworkasmeninUtopia.

____3）Pehouttheislahesamesortofclotheswhichissuitedtoallclimates.

____4）Noteverypersonhashisowopia.

____5）EveryUtopianfamilymakestheirownclothes.

____6）It’saablishedthatthesonshouldtakeoverthefather’strade.

____7）EveryUtopianhastoworklikeabeastofburden.

____8）Theotherhoursoftheday，thosethatarenotusedforwork，sleep，andmeals，arelefttotheirindividualchoigastheydoimeidly.

____9）Mostoftheridthereligiousmenareidlerswhodonotwork.

____10）Beggarsusuallysufferfromsomediseasewhichkeepsthemfr.

LanguageFocus

1.Fillintheblankswiththefollowingwordsyouhavelearhetext.

apprehend　adopt