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参考文献Sources and Bibliography02（第2页）

ihauryRome’inRichardWrigleyandGeeRevill（eds），PathologiesofTravel（2000）.OoandmalariaseeRobertSallares，MalariaaoryofMalariaialy（2002）.OnthepapalprothefeastofiniseeWilliamWetmoreStory，RobadiRoma（1863）.

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&hefullestaanRepublic’sstruggletosurviveremainsGeeMacaulayTrevelyan，Garibaldi’sDefeheRomanRepubliwhichmyatdrawsmaails.ForamorecritiationofGaribaldi’sroleseeRiall.ForanaittedlypartisanagainstPiusIX，ofevehefallofRome，seeLuigiCarloFariate，Volume4，BookVII，traone（1851）.FariheattackbythePapalpolidFrenchtroopsoo.AlsoseeBoltonKing，AHistoryofItalianUnity，beingapoliticalhistoryofItalyfrom1814to1854，VolumeI（1899）.SeealsoDenisMackSmith，Mazzini;MargaretFuller，TheseSadbutGloriousDays:DispatEurope，ed.LarryJ.ReynoldsandSusanBelasith（1991）;Roberth（ed.），LettersaretFullerVol.IV（1984）ahaus（ed.），TheRomanJournalsregorovius，trans.MrsGustavusW.Hamilton（1907）.Thefigureof20，000peoplefleeingRomeisfromChadwick.TheattempttoburndowntheQuirihedayPiusreturnedisfromMaryFrancisCusack，TheLifeandTimesofPopePiusIX（1878）.asworksonoseeMaguireandBosworth.

OntheassassinatiosagainstLouisNapoleonseeBresler.OnGaribaldi’svisittoEnglandseeDerekBeales，‘GaribaldiihePoliticsofItaliahusiasm’inJohnA.DavisandPaulGinsb（eds），SodPolititheAgeimento:EssaysinHonourofDenisMackSmith（1991）.Forthetsof‘VivaVerdi’seeStory.ForRomans’boydPiussendiiooscarehisparishioheRomanJournalsregorovius（above），8March1860.OnpapalrepressionseeOdoRussellinBlakistorineofPapalInfallibilityseeChadwidBosworth.OnPius’lastmonthsasrulerofRome，oureofthecitybyItaliahejourneyofPius’corpsetoSanLorehandDavidL.Kertzer，Prisoi:ThePopes，theKings，andGaribaldi’sRebelsiletoRuleModernItaly（2004）.

第七章　纳粹分子

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ForMussolihekihonyMajanlahtiaiGuerazzi，Romaoccupata，Itiini（2010）andNelloAjello，Lacaduta，‘IlandoaBadoglioèfatta’aVillaSavoiailResiliberadelduce，Repubblica25.07.2013.

&oftheFasdeetingisfromM.deWyss，RomeUerror（1945）.DeWyssisanelusivesourdalittleshouldbesaidaboutwhatisknown–orrathernotknown–abouther.Welaherfirstname.Herpublisher，RobertHaleLtd，London，saysonlythatsheis‘…aladywhowasiinuthelaststages{ofthewar}andwhohadreliablesourcesofextraordinaryinformatioailandaccuracyofheradtherapiditywithwhichthebookappeared–ayearafterRome’soended–suggestitisreliable，thoughhernameisprobablyapseudolydidnotwayknown）.FromthetextitisclearshehadalreadyexperienazioiionpriihespeedandthhigatioimesetriglishandherregulareotheSwissdiplomaticauthoritiesallsuggestshewasaSwissjournalistgthe>

ForthelifeofVittorioEmanueleIIIseeDenisMackSmith，ItalyanditsMonarchy（1992）.FortheUSbombingraidoember1943andRomaionsafterMussolini’sfallseeRobertKatz，FatalSileheResistaheGermanOe（2003）anddeWyss.OnthecareerofBadoglioseeGiovannideLuna，Badoglio:Uere（1974）.OnRome’slackofpreparednessforairattacksseeR.J.B.Bosworth，WhisperingeanditsHistories（2011）.

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ForallaspectsofLiberalRome，ingitsbuildingbooms，itsiesanditsmanystruoteitselfahepopes，seeBosworth，WhisperingCities.ForfurtherdetailsonLiberalRomeineffectualdevelopmentplansaionthatwasavoidedseeSpiroKostof，TheThirdRome，1870–1950，TraffidGlory（1973）.ForLane，andespeciallyforLiberals’remakingofRandapurposesseeBosworth.Forthepresen-CatholicchursideRome’swallsseeKostofandBosworth.ThedissideualwhodescribedtheVittorianoasa‘VespasianodiLusso，’ih）.AlsoseeBosworthforJewishpolitidgeneralsandfaribaldi’sproposalofaTiberal.

ForMussolini’slifeseeR.J.B.Bosworth，Mussolini（2002）andDenisMackSmith，Mussolini（1981）.OnRomans’initialiowardsFascismseeBosworth，WhisperingallaspectsofFascistdemolitiofRomeseeBordenW.Painter，Jr.Mussolini’sRtheEternalCity（2005）;SpiroKostof;Bosworth，WhisperingdalsoJoshuaArthurs，ExgModernity:TheRomanPastinFascistItaly（2012）.ForMussolini’sloathiourists’loveofthepicturesqueseeArthurs.FortheussoliionsintermsofhomeslostseePainter.Fide’sobservationsseeEmilioGealiaaiTempidiMussolini:Viaggioinpagniadiosservatoristranieri（2014）.ForalPallotta’scriticismsoftheideaofabroadroadleadingtoStPeter’sseeRichardKrautheimer，TheRomeofAlexanderVII，1655–1667（1985）.OnRome’sFasstrusseePainter.

OntheGILFasentseeEdwardR.TaheFascistExperiealiayandCulture（1972）.OnForoMussolierandBosworth，WhisperiheMostradellaRivoluzioaseeBosworth，PainterandRolandG.AhroughFascistItaly，AnEnglishHiker’sPilgrimage（1935）.OnFascism’searlyhostilitytowardstentile.OnMussolini’somers，inphotographsandentileandBosworth，WhisperingCities.AlsoseeBosworthfortheAnniFascisti，theFasdaraionwiththethesurvivisoftheGhettodegliIheillegalityoffaravelpossibilitiestoRomeseeKarlBaedeker，Romeaaly，HandbookforTravellers，sixteeion（1930）.

OnItalians’ingloyseeMassimoLivi-Bacci，AHistoryofItaliayDuriwoturies（1977）.Onthedopolavoroafter-wanization，Italy’smediaunderFasdiuallifeseeTannenbaum.OnhowFascistcorporationsandFascistwelfarefavouredtheloitedemployeesseealsoJonathaiethturyItaly:ASocialHistory（2002）.OnhowwelfarefundswereregularlyraidedbytheFasciststatetrasseeMariaSophiaQuialy’sSocialRevolution:dWelfarefromLiberalismtoFascism（2002）.OocratFascistmayorsseePainter.OneverydaylifeinthecasepopolariandRletokeepseeGianFranilleliraalmese:vitaquotidianadellafamigliaaliaFascista（1988）.ateseeQuiileahebarruchéseeBosworth，WhisperingCities.

OnFascism’sviewofwomenseePerryWillsowealy（2009）andalsoTannenbaumandQuine.Mussolini’sclaimthatworkakewomensterileisfromWillson.OnFascism’sapprovalofbrothelsseeDunnage.OnFascistrerolifitsandMussolini’sprohibitionofphotographsofwomenwithsmalldogsseeTannenbaum.OnthedangerofwomealoneandRome’slaight-timecultureseeGentile.OnFascistviolerolofItalians，interhefateoftheRomantinsmithRuggeriLeggiseeMichaelR.Ebner’sfasganalysisofhowthethreatofphysicethatalwaysunderlayFascism，OrdinaryViolenMussolini’sItaly（2011）.OonJewishlifeofthe1938RacialLawsseeEbnerandalsoMicheleSarfatti，TheJewsinMussolini’sItaly:FromEqualitytoPersedSusanZuccotti（2006）TheItaliansandtheHolocaust:Perse，ResdSurvival（1987）.OnongFascistofficials，theirasofsexualimmaiherandthediminishingsuccessofFascistpropagandaseePauler’sfasgaudyofohemorereliablesourationatthistime–spiesinftheregimeofthestateofthenatioPartyandPopularOpinioninMussolini’sItaly（2012）.OnthefailureofFascism’sgreatprojectsseeLivi-Baenbaum，dQuiyofItaly’strolofAbyssiniaseeRikhurst，TheEthiopians，AHistory（1998）.OnFascism’sfailuretoinstillaisminItalians，Starace’smuch-loathedinnovations，Italians’ingapathyandthecoffeecrisisofseeFascistpropaganda’sfailuretopersuadeItalianwomenseeWillson.

OnHitler’s1938visittoRomeandalsoelJ.Hanley’sobservationsofthePiazzaVehedaywarwasdeclared，seePaialians’lathusiasmfermahewarseetheueofItaly’smilitaryin1940seeR.J.B.Bosworth，Mussolini’sItaly:LifeUorship（2005）.OnMussolini’sdisastrousreilitarytaseeDenisMackSmith，Mussolini.OntheFolgoreParachuteDivisionseeJohnBiermanandith，Alamein，WarWithoutHate（2002）.OlinebeiwonepairofbootsandthefiionofEmpireDayseedeWyss.OhirdandfinalMostradellaRivoluzioaseePainter.

Ⅲ

AdhighlydetailedatofthelasthoursoftheBadimeandthefallermanforbefoundinClaudioFracassi，LaBattagliadiRome（2014）.Detailsofthetwenerals’diheirmeetingwithBadoglioarefromFracassi，asarethemeetingoftheking’scilattheQuiriheflightofthekingandhismiheaveItaliaaliaanoaoGermaoryoftheItalianofficerwhodesertedhistroopstohisracehorsesisfromM.deWyss.MotherMary，anotherioftheseevents，isalsoratherelusive，iflesssothandeWyss.HerasideRomewiththeGermansublishedin1945uhepseudonymofJaneSeranditwasonlysomedecadeslaterthatshewasrevealedtobeanAmeriRome，MotherMaryStLuke，whowaslivingifarfromViaVeo.

OnthefallofRomeandthebeginniioz，FatalSilehejokeabouttouristsaueofMosesisfromAlexaille，Berayal:FiveItalianJewishFamiliesunderFascism（1991）.Stille’sinsightfulaoftheseterribletimesierletosurvivebymembersoftheRomanDiVerolifamily.OnthegoldransomdemandedofRome’sJews，thetheftofthesynagoguelibrariesaoroundupof16October，RobertKatz，BlackSabbath:AJhaCrimeAgainstHumanity（1969）offersafull，detailedandpowerfulat.ForthelikelihoodthatthegolddemandwasarusetoputtheJewsuardseealsoSusanZuderHisVeryWiidtheHoloItaly（2002）.OnlifeforJewishRomaheoandwarningsignored，ingbyGermandiplomats，seeStilleandalsoKatz.DebeeOctober16，1943shortlyaftertheliberationbutquotesiarefromthetranslatioelleGilson（2001）.OnKappler’sreportdetailinghowRomahwarttherouz，FatalSileailsofwhichCatholistitutionstookinJewsandwhats–ifany–theyrequiredseeZutheriseofPiusXIIaoNazismandtheHolocaustseeJohler’sPope，TheSecretHistoryofPiusXII（1999）.OionbyPrinzaPignatelliAragoz，FatalSileille.OnPius’lackofrespooroui，well，KatzFatalSilezBlackSabbath.OsbyGermandiplomatstosaveJewishRomaz（bothtitles）.

&iurgingtheRussianstohurryupisfromM.deWyss，asaretheatsermaailsofRome’sdegtransportandbricked-upshopsarefrombothdeWyssaheraidonRome’sFascistHQisfromdeWyss.OnthebadtoRomaaheGermansandattaansinDecember1944seeKatz，FatalSilence.AlsoseeKatzandalsodeWyssandMotherMaryforherrestridalsoraidsoablishmentsbyKog.OoseeStille.

OntheAnziolanding，thebombingraidsthatfollowed，thearrestsofRome’sresistandalsooomkinsandMalfatti’sinfatheriworkseeKatz，FatalSilenAlliedbombingofRomeseealsodeWyssandMotherMary.OntheViaRasellabombandtheensuiinamassacreseeRobertKatz，FatalSilemynarrativefollows.OrutedwithVatidkeepiifoodtruary.OnGeneralClark’sdashforRomeseeKatz，FatalSilenaioyseeMotherMary.

后记

ForRomans’TwitterrepliestoISISseeLaRepubblica，21February2015